E fa'afefea ona a'afia le sa'o sa'o o le fa'ata'ita'iga 3D

I le tusiga mulimuli E faʻafefea ona aʻafia ai le faʻaogaina o le eleele ma faʻamaumauga a le PPK i le saʻo saʻo o le 3D faʻataʻitaʻiga, ua matou taʻua e faʻaopoopo i faʻamatalaga GCP ma PPK, o le GSD ma le vaʻavaʻa vaʻavaʻa e iai foʻi se tikeri o aʻafiaga i le saʻo saʻo o le 3D. model.O lea matou te faia se isi suʻega e faʻamaonia ai.

Fa'ata'ita'iga 1: o le a'afiaga o le GSD i luga o le sa'o sa'o o le fa'ata'ita'iga 3D;

Tulaga 1

Ta'avale ta'avale	Mea pu'eata fa'ata'ita'i	GCPs	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	LEAI	LEAI

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 1:

Numera o Mea	fuaina umi（L0）	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L1)GSD=2cm	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L2)GSD=1.5cm	DS1（L0-L1）	DS2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.18	7.20	0.030	0.010
	8.706	8.69	8.65	0.016	0.056
	10.961	10.89	10.90	0.071	0.061
2	7.010	6.88	6.86	0.130	0.150
3	1.822	1.76	1.76	0.062	0.062
4	10.410	10.38	10.37	0.030	0.040
5	10.718	10.65	10.68	0.068	0.038
6	13.787	13.72	13.71	0.067	0.077
7	11.404	11.41	11.38	-0.006	0.024
	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.017	0.027
8	7.526	7.44	7.49	0.086	0.036
	13.797	13.83	13.77	-0.033	0.027
9	10.374	10.35	10.35	0.024	0.024
10	2.109	1.98	2.09	0.129	0.019
	4.281	4.14	4.19	0.141	0.091
11	14.675	14.55	14.64	0.125	0.035
	8.600	8.58	8.57	0.020	0.030
12	13.394	13.36	13.38	0.034	0.014
13	12.940	12.95	12.91	-0.010	0.030
14	7.190	7.21	7.20	-0.020	-0.010
15	13.371	13.36	13.38	0.011	-0.009
	6.435	6.37	6.43	0.065	0.005
16	3.742	3.74	3.70	0.002	0.042
17	6.022	6.03	5.99	-0.008	0.032
18	3.937	3.91	3.94	0.027	-0.003
19	8.120	8.09	8.12	0.030	0.000
	14.411	14.40	14.37	0.011	0.041
20	6.077	6.06	6.04	0.017	0.037
21	13.696	13.68	13.65	0.016	0.046
RMSE: DS1=0.0397m，DS2=0.0356m

Tulaga 2

Ta'avale ta'avale	Mea pu'eata fa'ata'ita'i	GCPs	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	ioe	leai

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 2:

Numera o Mea	fuaina umi（L0）	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L1)GSD=2cm	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L2)GSD=1.5cm	DS1（L0-L1）	DS2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.18	7.21	0.030	0
	8.706	8.68	8.68	0.026	0.026
	10.961	10.91	10.87	0.051	0.091
2	7.010	6.92	6.88	0.090	0.13
3	1.822	1.79	1.76	0.032	0.062
4	10.410	10.39	10.38	0.020	0.03
5	10.718	10.66	10.72	0.058	-0.002
6	13.787	13.77	13.79	0.017	-0.003
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.024
	12.147	12.12	12.13	0.027	0.017
8	7.526	7.47	7.53	0.056	-0.004
	13.797	13.83	13.78	-0.033	0.017
9	10.374	10.34	10.37	0.034	0.004
10	2.109	2.03	2.11	0.079	-0.001
	4.281	4.18	4.28	0.101	0.001
11	14.675	14.59	14.67	0.085	0.005
	8.600	8.57	8.58	0.030	0.02
12	13.394	13.35	13.39	0.044	0.004
13	12.940	12.92	12.9	0.020	0.04
14	7.190	7.21	7.19	-0.020	0
15	13.371	13.36	13.37	0.011	0.001
	6.435	6.43	6.42	0.005	0.015
16	3.742	3.72	3.7	0.022	0.042
17	6.022	6.00	5.98	0.022	0.042
18	3.937	3.94	3.91	-0.003	0.027
19	8.120	8.09	8.07	0.030	0.05
	14.411	14.41	14.38	0.001	0.031
20	6.077	6.03	6.04	0.047	0.037
21	13.696	13.65	13.65	0.046	0.046
RMSE: DS1=0.0328m，DS2=0.0259m

Tulaga 3

Ta'avale ta'avale	Mea pu'eata fa'ata'ita'i	GCPs	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	LEAI	IOE

Lisi Fa'ai'uga 3:

Numera o Mea	fuaina umi（L0）	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L1)GSD=2cm	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L2)GSD=1.5cm	DS1（L0-L1）	DS2（L0-L2）
1	7.210	7.20	7.20	0.01	0.01
	8.706	8.71	8.69	0.00	0.02
	10.961	10.87	10.88	0.09	0.08
2	7.010	6.89	6.87	0.12	0.14
3	1.822	1.79	1.75	0.03	0.07
4	10.410	10.39	10.38	0.02	0.03
5	10.718	10.67	10.69	0.05	0.03
6	13.787	13.75	13.78	0.04	0.01
7	11.404	11.39	11.38	0.01	0.02
	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.02	0.03
8	7.526	7.51	7.49	0.02	0.04
	13.797	13.79	13.78	0.01	0.02
9	10.374	10.35	10.34	0.02	0.03
10	2.109	2.03	2.02	0.08	0.09
	4.281	4.15	4.21	0.13	0.07
11	14.675	14.61	14.65	0.07	0.03
	8.600	8.60	8.57	0.00	0.03
12	13.394	13.37	13.40	0.02	-0.01
13	12.940	12.88	12.89	0.06	0.05
14	7.190	7.20	7.18	-0.01	0.01
15	13.371	13.36	13.38	0.01	-0.01
	6.435	6.40	6.46	0.03	-0.03
16	3.742	3.75	3.75	-0.01	-0.01
17	6.022	5.97	5.97	0.05	0.05
18	3.937	3.93	3.91	0.01	0.03
19	8.120	8.10	8.08	0.02	0.04
	14.411	14.40	14.38	0.01	0.03
20	6.077	6.04	6.05	0.04	0.03
21	13.696	13.65	13.67	0.05	0.03
RMSE: DS1=0.0342m，DS2=0.0328m

Tulaga 4

Ta'avale ta'avale	Mea pu'eata fa'ata'ita'i	GCPs	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4pros	IOE	IOE

Lisi Fa'ai'uga 4:

Numera o Mea	fuaina umi（L0）	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L1)GSD=2cm	3D fa'ata'ita'iga umi(L2)GSD=1.5cm	DS1（L0-L1）	DS2（L0-L2）
1	7.21	7.21	7.21	0.00	0.00
	8.706	8.68	8.7	0.03	0.01
	10.961	10.90	10.89	0.06	0.07
2	7.01	6.98	6.99	0.03	0.02
3	1.822	1.80	1.78	0.02	0.04
4	10.41	10.40	10.39	0.01	0.02
5	10.718	10.70	10.69	0.02	0.03
6	13.787	13.77	13.76	0.02	0.03
7	11.404	11.39	11.39	0.01	0.01
7	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.02	0.03
8	7.526	7.49	7.51	0.04	0.02
8	13.797	13.81	13.8	-0.01	0.00
9	10.374	10.36	10.35	0.01	0.02
10	2.109	2.02	2.11	0.09	0.00
10	4.281	4.16	4.28	0.12	0.00
11	14.675	14.66	14.68	0.02	0.00
11	8.6	8.54	8.53	0.06	0.07
12	13.394	13.35	13.37	0.04	0.02
13	12.94	12.89	12.91	0.05	0.03
14	7.19	7.18	7.2	0.01	-0.01
15	13.371	13.35	13.35	0.02	0.02
15	6.435	6.41	6.4	0.02	0.03
16	3.742	3.72	3.71	0.02	0.03
17	6.022	5.98	5.98	0.04	0.04
18	3.937	3.89	3.89	0.05	0.05
19	8.12	8.12	8.1	0.00	0.02
19	14.411	14.40	14.39	0.01	0.02
20	6.077	6.03	6.03	0.05	0.05
21	13.696	13.66	13.64	0.04	0.06
RMSE: DS1=0.0308m，DS2=0.0249m

Fa'ai'uga

Ole fesuiaiga ole su'ega 1 ole:

1: Faʻatasi ma / aunoa ma faʻamatalaga PPK.

2: Fa'atasi/Leai GCPs.

3: GSD ese: 1.5 cm poʻo le 2cm

A maeʻa suʻesuʻega o seti e fa o faʻamatalaga faʻataʻitaʻiga, e mafai ona tatou tusia faʻamatalaga nei:

A'o DG4Pros le meapueata:

(1) Fa'atasi ai ma/leai se vaega e pulea ai le eleele (GCP) ma fa'amatalaga PPK o lo'o a'afia i le fa'ata'otoga AT, pe o se VTOL po'o se multi-rotor drone, pe o le GSD o le 2cm po'o le 1.5cm, o le 3D fa'ata'ita'iga na fausia e le oblique camera DG4Pros e mafai ona faʻafetaui manaʻoga o le saʻo saʻo mea sese Ds≤10cm(Moʻi ≤5cm).

(2) Afai o le GSD o le fesuiaiga e tasi, o le saʻo saʻo o le faʻataʻitaʻiga 3D ma le GSD = 1.5cm e sili atu nai lo le GSD = 2cm.

Fa'ata'ita'iga 2: le a'afiaga o ituaiga ta'avale va'ava'a i le sa'o sa'o o le fa'ata'ita'iga 3D

Tulaga 1

Mea pu'eata fa'ata'ita'i	GCPs	PPK	GSD
DG4pros	LEAI	LEAI	1.5cm

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 1:

Numera o Mea	fuaina umi（L0）	Fa'ata'ita'iga 3D umi(L1)CW10	Fa'ata'ita'iga 3D umi (L2) M600Pro	DS1（L0-L1）	DS2（L0-L2）
1	7.21	7.20	7.19	0.010	0.02
	8.706	8.65	8.70	0.056	0.01
	10.961	10.90	10.91	0.061	0.05
2	7.01	6.86	6.98	0.150	0.03
3	1.822	1.76	1.79	0.062	0.03
4	10.41	10.37	10.39	0.040	0.02
5	10.718	10.68	10.69	0.038	0.03
6	13.787	13.71	13.76	0.077	0.03
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.02
	12.147	12.12	12.12	0.027	0.03
8	7.526	7.49	7.50	0.036	0.03
	13.797	13.77	13.77	0.027	0.03
9	10.374	10.35	10.33	0.024	0.04
10	2.109	2.09	2.02	0.019	0.09
	4.281	4.19	4.20	0.091	0.08
11	14.675	14.64	14.65	0.035	0.03
	8.6	8.57	8.57	0.030	0.03
12	13.394	13.38	13.35	0.014	0.04
13	12.94	12.91	12.92	0.030	0.02
14	7.19	7.20	7.17	-0.010	0.02
15	13.371	13.38	13.35	-0.009	0.02
	6.435	6.43	6.41	0.005	0.02
16	3.742	3.70	3.70	0.042	0.04
17	6.022	5.99	5.99	0.032	0.03
18	3.937	3.94	3.89	-0.003	0.05
19	8.12	8.12	8.08	0.000	0.04
	14.411	14.37	14.36	0.041	0.05
20	6.077	6.04	6.06	0.037	0.02
21	13.696	13.65	13.65	0.046	0.05
RMSE: DS1=0.0356m，DS2=0.342m

Tulaga 2

Mea pu'eata fa'ata'ita'i	GCPs	PPK	GSD
DG4pros	IOE	LEAI	1.5cm

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 2:

Numera o Mea	fuaina umi（L0）	Fa'ata'ita'iga 3D umi(L1)CW10	Fa'ata'ita'iga 3D umi (L2) M600Pro	DS1（L0-L1）	DS2（L0-L2）
1	7.21	7.21	7.21	0	0.00
	8.706	8.68	8.70	0.026	0.01
	10.961	10.87	10.91	0.091	0.05
2	7.01	6.88	6.98	0.13	0.03
3	1.822	1.76	1.80	0.062	0.02
4	10.41	10.38	10.39	0.03	0.02
5	10.718	10.72	10.70	-0.002	0.02
6	13.787	13.79	13.75	-0.003	0.04
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.02
	12.147	12.13	12.13	0.017	0.02
8	7.526	7.53	7.49	-0.004	0.04
	13.797	13.78	13.79	0.017	0.01
9	10.374	10.37	10.35	0.004	0.02
10	2.109	2.11	2.07	-0.001	0.04
	4.281	4.28	4.21	0.001	0.07
11	14.675	14.67	14.66	0.005	0.02
	8.6	8.58	8.57	0.02	0.03
12	13.394	13.39	13.35	0.004	0.04
13	12.94	12.9	12.93	0.04	0.01
14	7.19	7.19	7.18	0	0.01
15	13.371	13.37	13.36	0.001	0.01
	6.435	6.42	6.42	0.015	0.01
16	3.742	3.7	3.71	0.042	0.03
17	6.022	5.98	6.00	0.042	0.02
18	3.937	3.91	3.91	0.027	0.03
19	8.12	8.07	8.10	0.05	0.02
	14.411	14.38	14.35	0.031	0.06
20	6.077	6.04	6.06	0.037	0.02
21	13.696	13.65	13.67	0.046	0.03
RMSE: DS1=0.0259m，DS2=0.256m

Fa'ai'uga

Ole fesuiaiga ole su'ega 2 ole:

1: Fa'atasi/Leai GCPs.

2: Ta'avale Va'a Eseese:se VTOL drone po'o se multi-rotor drone

A maeʻa suʻesuʻega o seti e lua o faʻamatalaga faʻataʻitaʻiga, e mafai ona tatou tusia faʻamatalaga nei:

A'o DG4Pros le meapueata:

(1) Faatasi ai ma / A aunoa ma le eleele pulea (GCP) pe o se VTOL po o se multi-rotor drone, o le ata 3D fausia e oblique mea pueata DG4Pros e mafai ona ausia manaoga o le saʻo saʻo mea sese Ds≤10cm(Amoni ≤5cm).

(2) Pe a o le va'aiga drone ituaiga e tasi le fesuiaiga, o le sa'o sa'o o le 3D fa'ata'ita'iga ma multi-rotor e sili atu nai lo le VTOL, ae o le eseesega e le tele tele.

Muamua:E fa'afefea ona a'afia i'uga fa'ata'ita'iga 3D

Sosoo:Fa'asoa fa'atasi

Toe fo'i

RIY mea pu'e fa'ata'atia

RIE mea pu'e tioata tasi

Mea fa'aoga

Faapolofesa

E sili atu nai lo le mama

Fa'asao le taimi

A'oa'o faagaioiga ile 10 minute

Tulaga maualuga ata ma sa'o

Fa'asoa fa'atasi

Malosi ma saogalemu

E mafai ona tu'ufa'atasia ma le tele o ituaiga drones

Su'esu'ega/GIS

Aai Atamai

Fausiaina/Maina

Puipuiga o Turisi/fale anamua

Militeri/Leoleo

Mataupu

Fa'ata'ita'iga 1: o le a'afiaga o le GSD i luga o le sa'o sa'o o le fa'ata'ita'iga 3D;

Tulaga 1

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 1:

Tulaga 2

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 2:

Tulaga 3

Lisi Fa'ai'uga 3:

Tulaga 4

Lisi Fa'ai'uga 4:

Fa'ai'uga

Fa'ata'ita'iga 2: le a'afiaga o ituaiga ta'avale va'ava'a i le sa'o sa'o o le fa'ata'ita'iga 3D

Tulaga 1

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 1:

Tulaga 2

Fa'ai'uga Lisi 2:

Fa'ai'uga

O'OGA+

TALOSAGA+

Mataupu+

Faatatau ia tatou+

FAAFESOOTAI MATOU